Effect of exercises on muscular ,respiratory and circulatory system

Effect of exercises on muscular system

1.   the size of muscle fibers increases
2.  amount of protein increases 
3.  capillary density per fiber increases 
4.  amount of connective  tissue increases 
5.  blood supply in the muscles increases 
6.  myoglobin content increases 
7.  oxidation(breakdown) of carbohydrates and fat increases 
8.  number of mitochondria increases 
9.  amount of glycogen store increases 
10.  ATP_PC and glycolytic capacity increases 
11.  total and relative body fay decreases 
12.  fat free weight is increased 
13.  flexibility  increases
14.  due to hypertrophy of muscles, muscle strength and muscular endurance increases 

 Effect of exercises on respiratory system

1. lung volume increases as a result of increase in vital capacity
2. breathing frequency is decreased in trained individuals 
3. maximum minute ventilation is increased after training 
4. tidal volume is also increased 
5. physical exercises enhances ventilatory efficiency 
6. diffusion capacity (gases exchange capacity) is increased

Effect of exercises on circulatory system

  

1  internal  size of the left ventricle increases

2  the contraction ability or strength of the heart increases 

3  resting heart rate decreases considerably  

4  maximum heart rate either remains unchanged or decreases          slightly 

5 the heart rate recovery period decreases 

6  stroke volume increases during rest and sub or maximal exercises 

7 no change in cardiac output at rest

8 considerable increase in cardiac output at maximal  level of exercises 

9 blood volume increases as a result of increase in plasma volume and RBC counts 

10 blood viscosity  (thickness) decreases resulting good circulation and oxygen availability  

11 blood flow to muscles increases due to more blood volume , effective blood redistribution and increased capillarization

12 reduction in resting blood pressure( both systolic diastolic)